Which technology did the Wright Brothers innovate to establish control during flight?

The correct answer is wing warping, which was a significant innovation by the Wright Brothers for controlling the aircraft during flight. This technique involved altering the shape of the wings in a systematic manner to create differential lift on either side of the aircraft. By warping the wings, the Wright Brothers could manage the aircraft's roll and maintain balance, which was crucial for successful flight control.

Wing warping allowed the pilot to respond to changes in the aircraft's attitude and provided a way to turn and maneuver the plane effectively. This innovation was fundamental to the development of modern flight control systems, as it integrated the idea of control surfaces directly into the wing design, enabling more precise handling during flights.

The other options represent different control mechanisms or ideas related to aircraft stability and control, but wing warping was the pioneering method used by the Wright Brothers in their early designs, setting them apart in the history of aviation.